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DLDowney > Intel > Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

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Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

By Diane Downey of pregnancyornot.com

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is an infection of the uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries which is usually caused by a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Every year one million new cases of PID are diagnosed in the United States.

PID scars that are formed inside of the fallopian tubes can lead to infertility in women. These scars can either damage or block the tubes completely. Every time a woman gets PID, she has a greater risk of becoming infertile. Along with infertility, PID also causes illness and death in young women. About 250,000 American women are hospitalized each year. Severe infection in many women will even require surgery. There are more than 150 women in the United States who die from severe PID every year.

PID is most common in young women under age 25 who have had more than one sexual partner. It is estimated that one in eight adolescent girls who are sexually active will develop PID before the age of 20.

PID is caused by germs that first infect the cervix, then move on in about 10% of women to infect the uterus.

The symptoms of PID vary from none to severe. Some of the more noticeable symptoms include: abnormal uterine bleeding, fever and chills, nausea and vomiting, smelly vaginal discharge and aching pain in the lower abdomen.

It is not always easy to diagnose PID because the infection site cannot easily be examined. A pelvic exam can tell whether the reproductive organs are swollen or tender. Samples of the cervical cells may reveal STDs, and blood tests may reveal infection. If a diagnosis is not made from these tests, a laparoscopy or ultrasound may be necessary.

The treatment for PID is usually antibiotics. More than one may be necessary because of the different germs that may be present. Since PID is usually linked to STDs, all recent sexual partners should be examined by a doctor for treatment also.

Contributed by DLDowney on December 24, 2008, at 12:57 PM UTC.

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